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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)anduk ( ? -nt-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of lynxface="Times New Roman Star"вид хищника

face="Times New Roman Star"andyk 'вид гиены', Osm. anduq
face="Times New Roman Star"andyq 'espe\ce de loup cervier' (Pav. C.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 20, Лексика 159.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sialykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of squirrel, chipmunkface="Times New Roman Star"вид белки, бурундук


face="Times New Roman Star"s?ulyg|an ( < *Chuv.)






face="Times New Roman Star"sag|yl 'белка'face="Times New Roman Star"salyq (dial. - Leb.)
face="Times New Roman Star"*s?olxan > Mari s?ulgan (TLT 65)













face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 165.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.maface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 beaver 2 otterface="Times New Roman Star"1 бобер 2 выдра


face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2

face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2


face="Times New Roman Star"xam-nos, xam c?at (Верб.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qamna(g|y) 2face="Times New Roman Star"qamdu 2
face="Times New Roman Star"xъw|ma 'beaver, marten'






face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qama 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 242, Лексика 162, Мудрак Дисс. 145. Also PT *Kam-tur/ 'beaver, otter' (VEWT 228, Лексика 162) (*Kam-tur/ may be a compound < *Kama + *utyr/ 'otter' q. v. sub *o/n|du; Лексика ibid., however, suggests rather *Kam-luc?, with a diminutive *-luc?. There is also a variant *Kun-tur/ (with *Kunu 'wolverine'? - see, however, TMN 3, 524, with a suggestion of Turk. < Pers.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*tabyl/ganface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"hareface="Times New Roman Star"заяцface="Times New Roman Star"tabys?g|an (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tavys?g|an (MK, IM), tavs?an (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an
face="Times New Roman Star"tawus?qan (Sangl., Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.s?qanface="Times New Roman Star"tos?qanface="Times New Roman Star"to:sqanface="Times New Roman Star"dows?anface="Times New Roman Star"tows?an


face="Times New Roman Star"dovus?g|an
face="Times New Roman Star"tabysxan




face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an

face="Times New Roman Star"taws?anface="Times New Roman Star"taws?anface="Times New Roman Star"taws?anface="Times New Roman Star"to:s?en (ССЯ)face="Times New Roman Star"taws?anface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 453, EDT 447, Щербак 1961, 136, Лексика 164.
face="Times New Roman Star"*togus- (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to jumpface="Times New Roman Star"скакать








face="Times New Roman Star"tovus-



face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulgar) doxs '(year of) mouse'














face="Times New Roman Star"*bura (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"soul of a sacrificial animal (horse)face="Times New Roman Star"душа жертвенного животного (коня)









face="Times New Roman Star"pura 'picture of a male maral on a shaman drum'
face="Times New Roman Star"pura (dial.) 'sacrificial animal'















face="Times New Roman Star"The Oyr. word is usually identified with bura 'camel' < PT *bugra; the absence of vowel length (*bu:ra would be normally expected) is, however, baffling and could indicate a different origin of the Oyr. and Khak. words. Cf. perhaps also Yak. burgunas 'young cow, cow without calves'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*byn|yt (?-n/-,-d)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"Salmo lenocface="Times New Roman Star"ленок









face="Times New Roman Star"mind-@r 'burbot'



face="Times New Roman Star"byjyt
face="Times New Roman Star"myjytface="Times New Roman Star"miit









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 336, Лексика 177.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ban/ak-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"white-fishface="Times New Roman Star"сиг














face="Times New Roman Star"majag|as (Пек.)













face="Times New Roman Star"*sarync?gaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"locustface="Times New Roman Star"саранча
face="Times New Roman Star"saryc?g|a (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"sarync?qan (AH)




face="Times New Roman Star"sarysxa, sarync?qa 'a k. of dragonfly'
face="Times New Roman Star"sarys?qa, sarysqa















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 845, VEWT 404, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 187 (confused with *siaryg| 'yellow').
face="Times New Roman Star"*umanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"wormface="Times New Roman Star"червь













face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|man













face="Times New Roman Star"Isolated in Chuvash, but probably archaic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn|yr/ (?-s)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"gad-flyface="Times New Roman Star"овод









face="Times New Roman Star"ma:sface="Times New Roman Star"ma:sface="Times New Roman Star"paas 'gad-fly' (Leb.), man|g|ys 'locust' (Oyr.)



face="Times New Roman Star"maasface="Times New Roman Star"ma:s









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 329, 327.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"meliface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"antface="Times New Roman Star"муравейface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"meli (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"meli (MK - Chigil)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"mo"ldu" (R - Bar.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"/umadu 'small ants' (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?umo|liface="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ma"la" (R - Tar.)




face="Times New Roman Star"c?umaly, dial. c?ubaly



face="Times New Roman Star"s?ymyl 'maggot'










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 423, VEWT 121, Лексика 184.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?u"lik-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to become shabbyface="Times New Roman Star"становиться потрепанным, заношенным
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"lik- (c?u"lu"k-) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) c?il 'little'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"le- 'e^tre altere/' (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"l-c?aGa 'little children', c?u"lpe 'small child'face="Times New Roman Star"su"lek- 'to wear unusual clothes'







face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"lu"k- 'to be exhausted, weakened'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 121, EDT 420.
face="Times New Roman Star"*il(i)kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"front, before, Eastface="Times New Roman Star"перед, впереди, востокface="Times New Roman Star"ilki (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ilk (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ilkface="Times New Roman Star"i>li>kface="Times New Roman Star"ilk (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"ilk

face="Times New Roman Star"ilk, ilkiface="Times New Roman Star"ilki


face="Times New Roman Star"ilga"rface="Times New Roman Star"@l@kface="Times New Roman Star"il-in, il-in| (ilik 'one who is not yet...')face="Times New Roman Star"ilin; ilik 'not yet', iligine 'before'face="Times New Roman Star"elek



face="Times New Roman Star"i>li>k
face="Times New Roman Star"jilkface="Times New Roman Star"ilk


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 140, VEWT 170, ЭСТЯ 1, 347-350, Егоров 62-63, Stachowski 125.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a.t(ky-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 handful 2 pinch(ful) 3 barb of the fish-fork hookface="Times New Roman Star"1 горсть, пригоршня 2 щепотка 3 бородка, зазубрина крючка остроги

face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2, atky 'weft; wooden fork; strap on footwear, scarf'face="Times New Roman Star"atqyry (dial.) 'cross-beam'
face="Times New Roman Star"o|tim 2

face="Times New Roman Star"atGy 'cross-bar', atym 2face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2

face="Times New Roman Star"atqaq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ydam 'armful'

face="Times New Roman Star"adym 1, atqaq 3, atpaq 'hanger for horse harness', atpaq-ta-l- 'to hitch on to smth.', atpan|na- 'grasp (of a child)'
face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2








face="Times New Roman Star"Егоров 344, Мудрак Дисс. 85, VEWT 31. If we exclude obvious loans from Mong. adqu-, all the other forms clearly fall into two types. 1) PT *a.tym 'handful, pinchful' 2) PT *Atky- 'smth. hitched, clutching, clinging'. The latter (Tuva atkak) is linked in EDT 47 with OUygh. atqaq 'vikalpa'. There is a number of OUygh. Buddhist terms that can be derived from a stem meaning 'grasp, hitch': atqaq '1) vikalpa, attachment to the material world (whence borrowed in Mong. atqag| 'illusion, prejudice'), 2) vis.aya, 'idea, notion, subject', atqaq-lyg| 'appertaining to smth.', atqa-n- 'be connected, clinging to (the material world)', atqa-nc?-syz 'devoid of sense perceptions', atqang|u 'vis.aya', atqang|u-lug| 'correlated' (cf. (alquqa) atqang|ulug| tutz?|aqlyg| 'correlated (with everything) (and) grasping (everything)'), see ДТС 68, EDT 47. This all seems to indicate a primary root *a.t- meaning both 'to cling, hitch on to smth., grasp' and 'a grasp, handful' (also 'armful' if we take into account the Chuv. meaning). Note that in Siberian languages this root (*a.t-ka-k) is additionally confused with the local word for 'gills' - which has a quite separate Altaic origin (see under *p`a/ta\(kV) 'fish fin').
face="Times New Roman Star"*omV-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 bone head 2 head of hip bone 3 hip bone, thigh bone 4 clavicleface="Times New Roman Star"1 головка кости 2 головка бедренной кости 3 бедренная кость 4 ключица

face="Times New Roman Star"omaz?|a, umac?a, uma 1
face="Times New Roman Star"oma, omaz?|a (Pav. C.), (MKypch.) 2, omaz?|a kemig|i (At-Tuhf.) 4


face="Times New Roman Star"omba 2face="Times New Roman Star"omac?a 3face="Times New Roman Star"omyx 'knee-cap' (dial.)

















face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 2, 132, ЭСТЯ 1, 453.
face="Times New Roman Star"*obu-ra- / *obu-n-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wear out (intr.), decay 2 to cease, stop 3 to tire 4 to be destroyedface="Times New Roman Star"1 изнашиваться, стареть 2 прекращаться 3 уставать 4 развалиться, разрушиться


face="Times New Roman Star"uwa-l-, wa-l- 1, 3, 4 (dial., ТТДС 112, 451)





face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"yvъn- 3face="Times New Roman Star"u:raj- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"ura- 4








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 356, 515. Kalm. o:r- 'to fall apart, become spoiled' may be < Turkic, but the immediate source is unclear (Tat.?). The Chuv. form may be a dialectal variant of ylъn-, see Егоров 342, Федотов 2, 468.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sa.k(y)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 aware 2 be aware, protectface="Times New Roman Star"1 осторожный, бдительный 2 быть осторожным, беречь(ся)
face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1, saqyn- 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sak, sax 1 (dial.), sakyn- 2face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1face="Times New Roman Star"saqyn- 2 (Houts.) , saqin- 2 (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"so|g| 1 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"saqa 1, saq-, saqy- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1,2face="Times New Roman Star"sax 1, sag|y- 'to wait'
face="Times New Roman Star"saqy- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|ъ 'guard'

face="Times New Roman Star"sa'g|y- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1face="Times New Roman Star"haq 1face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1, saqyn- 2face="Times New Roman Star"saqyn- 2face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"saq 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395-6. Turk. > WMong. sag|, Kalm. sag (KW 307).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Komaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 concubine 2 wives of the same husbandface="Times New Roman Star"1 наложница 2 жены одного мужа по отношению друг к другу

face="Times New Roman Star"kuma 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"quma (Буд.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"quma (Pav. C.) 1



















face="Times New Roman Star"quma 1


face="Times New Roman Star"Turk. > MMong. (MA, LHa) quma id. (although Doerfer TMN 1, 415 suggests the opposite direction of loan - which is dubious because of the isolated nature of the MMong. form).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kotur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"yakface="Times New Roman Star"як
face="Times New Roman Star"qotuz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"xotozface="Times New Roman Star"qutaz (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qotas (Pav. C.), qutuz (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"qo.tasface="Times New Roman Star"qotaz
face="Times New Roman Star"Gotazface="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz








face="Times New Roman Star"qotos




face="Times New Roman Star"qutas


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 608, ЭСТЯ 6, 81-82.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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